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    • 专利摘要:
    ORGANIC FERTILIZER. [Problem] Providing an efficient system for making an organic fertilizer base material that reduces the manual labor involved in treating manure from seedlings using Musca domestica lavas. [Solution] An organic fertilizer production system is provided to produce organic fertilizer from seed droppings using Musca domestica larvae. The organic fertilizer production system is configured as follows: a first cultivation processing housing unit is provided to cultivate hatched egg larvae; a second cultivation processing housing unit is provided which is divided into a plurality of sections below the first cultivation processing housing unit; a drop part is provided that allows the larvae to fall using the fact that the larvae crawl; a base of organic fertilizer is made by letting the larvae fall from the fall part to the next stage of the second cultivation processing housing unit and repeating this process several times, and in each of the housing housing units cultivation processing, the excrement is enzymatically hydrolyzed inside the larvae during the (...).
    公开号:BR112013027504B1
    申请号:R112013027504-9
    申请日:2012-04-05
    公开日:2021-01-05
    发明作者:Kazushige Kitazumi；Hisaki Yamawaki；Koji Nagae；Ryoichi Sekiya；Yaroslava Polutova；Yasuharu Nakano
    申请人:E's Inc.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [001] The present invention relates to a method of producing organic fertilizer from seed droppings using Musca domestica (housefly) larvae. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] In livestock facilities such as pig farming and the dairy sector, excreta are discharged every day and the amount of excreta is generally proportional to the number of breeding animals. Generally, the excrement is made up of microorganisms.
    [003] The disposal of excreta by microorganisms, however, takes a long time due to the higher percentage of liquid components in the excrement. In some areas, seed droppings generated in large quantities are left in the soil untreated, resulting in contamination of the water table, this has become a cause of social problems.
    [004] Therefore, how to dispose of excreta is a problem to be solved today. In particular, it is no longer permitted to moisten unhealthy droppings that release an unpleasant odor due to the recent severe regulation of environmental protection.
    [005] The amount of droppings from semoventes is increasing along with the expansion of the scale of semoventes, however it is not easy to dispose of the excreta generated daily in a large amount efficiently in a short period of time. Therefore, the disposal of semovent droppings is a major problem for seed breeders.
    [006] Under this situation, it has been proposed to use an insect bioprocessing system to process animal droppings in order to reduce the above problem (see Patent Document 1).
    [007] The insect bioprocessing system described in Patent Document 1 comprises a means for sequentially transporting processing containers where animal droppings are placed, a means for predating animal droppings in a successively transported empty processing container, a medium to deposit housefly eggs or larvae in unfermented droppings in processing containers, a means to ripen droppings for a period of time required in multi-stage stacked processing containers, a means to collect metamorphosed larvae or pupae from the housefly larvae that crawl out of the processing containers, and a means to recover the finished or ripened excrement from the processing container that is successively advanced.
    [008] In this insect bioprocessing system, the reduction of damage or detoxification of excrement can be carried out by predation or feeding of animal excrement in houseflies. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUES PATENT DOCUMENTS
    [009] Patent Document 1: JP-A1 - 2002-11440 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION
    [010] The reduction of damage or detoxification of excreta is accomplished by predation or feeding of animal excrement in houseflies can be carried out in this insect bioprocessing system described in Patent Document 1, however, a treatment or management to produce a organic fertilizer from housefly larvae must be carried out in a processing chamber whose temperature and humidity are adjustable. In addition, all deposition of housefly eggs in excrement placed in a container, incubating eggs, growing larvae, and loading and unloading the containers must be carried out manually.
    [011] Furthermore, the larvae that crawl out of the containers must be handled manually, since this method uses such a housefly habit whose larvae leave a medium to become pupae after the growth of larvae at a certain level. However, the working environment in the processing chamber to carry out the above works is extremely unsatisfactory and is not conducive to manual labor, as the working environment is impregnated with the excrement odor and the developed larvae (worms) are crawling everywhere.
    [012] In addition, there is another problem. The amount of prey or food processed by housefly larvae increases exponentially in one week when there is sufficient breeding volume and food. In contrast, if sufficient breeding volume and food is not available, the amount of organic fertilizer base material that is produced within the larvae bodies by enzymatic decomposition and larvae excretion decreases and the growth of larvae becomes slow.
    [013] The present invention was realized in view of the above problems of prior art. In the present invention, the disposal of animal excrement such as pig droppings by housefly larvae can be carried out under conditions where a sufficient feeding area for larvae is available, where a sufficient amount of prey or food can be provided to the larvae to accelerate the growth of these, where an amount of excrement produced within the larvae body by enzymatic decomposition of seed excrement can be increased and where manual handling operation in the processing storage environment is not necessary.
    [014] Thus, the present invention provides a system that can efficiently produce organic fertilizer from animal excrement with less work. MEANS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS
    [015] To solve the above problems, the invention defined in claim 1 corresponding to the Examples, in particular Example 1, is an organic fertilizer production system for producing organic fertilizer from seed droppings using Musca domestica (flyfly) larvae. domestic), characterized by the fact that a first processor-feeder storage unit is provided to feed or develop incubated egg larvae, a plurality of second processor-feeder storage units is arranged below the first processor-feeder storage unit, the first processor-feeder storage unit has a drop part, so that the developed larvae fall into the second processor-feeder storage units covered with droppings, using this larvae behavior where they spread out of the first feeder unit. storage proces feeder, a plurality of third processor-feeder storage units is arranged below the second processor-feeder storage units in the same manner as described above, so that the developed larvae fall into the third processor-feeder storage units covered with excrement from the above processing is repeated several times as required until the final processor-feeder storage unit, in which the seed droppings are decomposed with enzyme inside larvae bodies during larvae feeding in each processor-feeder storage unit, while the larvae excrete or produce an organic fertilizer base material, a collection section is provided to collect the organic fertilizer base material, and a larva collection section is provided to collect the developed larvae that crawl out of the final storage unit the processor-feeder, the resulting collected larvae as well as the base material of organic fertilizer produced by the system.
    [016] An invention defined in claim 2 corresponds to Examples 1 to 4, the organic fertilizer production system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the processor-feeder storage comprises a drop part and a receiving part larvae in a fixed structure, and a lower part on which a flat body is placed in a mobile way.
    [017] An invention defined in claim 3 corresponds mainly to Example 5, the organic fertilizer production system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that each processor-feeder storage unit comprises a series of mobile trays with a part bottom and a drop part and a larva reception part, the trays being circulated by a conveyor.
    [018] An invention defined in claim 4 corresponds mainly to Examples 1 and 4, the organic fertilizer production system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that each processor-feeder storage unit has a part receiving part located in a position corresponding to the falling part of an upper processor-feeder storage unit, the receiving part comprises a flat body in the form of a projection that projects outwards and has a width equal to the width of the part drop divided by a predetermined number.
    [019] An invention defined in claim 5 corresponds mainly to Example 2, the organic fertilizer production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that each processor-feeder storage unit has a receiving part located in a position corresponding to the drop part of an upper processor-feeder storage unit, the receiving part comprises a edged cylinder that has edges on its surface to injure the falling larvae and has a width equal to the width of the part drop divided by a predetermined number.
    [020] An invention defined in claim 6 corresponds mainly to Example 1, the organic fertilizer production system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the larvae collection section has an extraction part of larva to extract a part of larvae or a part of developed pupae, so that housefly larvae are extracted in the larva extraction part and guided through a duct to an incubation and egg-laying unit located above the first processor-feeder storage unit.
    [021] An invention defined in claim 7 corresponds mainly to Example 1, the organic fertilizer production system according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that a plurality of rotating chambers is arranged in the incubation and egg laying unit and a prey is fed into one of the chambers whose opening is turned upwards, while the prey is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, so that the housefly larvae lay eggs on the prey, thus the rotating chambers are gradually rotated over a period of predetermined time, during which the eggs develop to form larvae and the resulting larvae fall into the first processor-feeder storage unit when the opening of the rotating chamber is facing downwards.
    [022] An invention defined in claim 8 corresponds mainly to Example 1, the organic fertilizer production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the larvae discharged outside the last processor-feeder storage unit are sacrificed and processed like prey. ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
    [023] In accordance with the invention of an organic fertilizer production system defined in claims 1 to 4, the organic fertilizer base material is produced within the bodies of housefly larvae by enzymatic decomposition of semovent droppings and is excreted out of the larva. Therefore, there is no necessary fuel consumption in the case of incineration and the impact on the environment can be reduced, as there is no carbon dioxide emission. In addition, unlike conventional bacterial detoxification, the emission of unpleasant lasting odor can be reduced or eliminated and there is no propagation or reproduction of pathogens. In the system according to the present invention, the droppings are discarded and handled safely using a predation habit of housefly larvae.
    [024] Additionally, in the system according to the present invention, housefly larvae are nourished and fed in a sufficient breeding area and volume with sufficient food. Therefore, the predation habit of housefly larvae can be improved and a large amount of seed droppings such as pig manure can be efficiently transformed into organic fertilizer in a shorter period of time. In particular, in the system according to the present invention, the processor-feeder storage unit is divided or gradually increased with the progress of larval growth, so that the prey can be distributed evenly or evenly.
    [025] Furthermore, the base material of organic fertilizer produced by the system according to the present invention contains abundant chitosan. This organic fertilizer produced by the system according to the present invention can be used in the preparation of organic fertilizer that can improve soil and antibacterial activity, promote plant growth, prevent plant diseases, and improve fruit quality.
    [026] Finally, manual labor in the processor-feeder storage unit can be reduced so that organic fertilizer can be efficiently produced with less effort.
    [027] According to the invention of an organic fertilizer production system defined in claim 5, in addition to the advantages described above, the edges in the cylinder inflict an abrasion on the skin of housefly larvae and the resulting injured larvae produce many peptides antimicrobials.
    [028] According to the invention of an organic fertilizer production system defined in claim 6, in addition to the advantages described above, a part of the larvae develops to form housefly larvae that lay eggs, so that the reproduction of larvae can be reproduced in the system without introducing additional larvae from outside to carry out a larval recycling system.
    [029] According to the invention of an organic fertilizer production system defined in claim 7, in addition to the advantages described in claim 5, housefly larvae are guided or induced to a predetermined egg production site to improve the egg recycling efficiency.
    [030] According to the invention of an organic fertilizer production system according to claim 8, in addition to the advantages described in claims 1 to 7, housefly larvae recovered from the final processor-feeder storage unit are used as excellent prey. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [031] [Figure 1] is a general schematic view of an organic fertilizer production system according to the present invention.
    [032] [Figure 2] is a graph that shows a change in the intake or feeding of housefly larvae as their growth progresses.
    [033] [Figure 3] is a general illustrative view of an organic fertilizer production system of Example 1 according to the present invention.
    [034] [Figure 4] is a plan view along the z-z line in Figure 3 seen from above.
    [035] [Figure 5] is a cross-sectional side view of an incubation and egg-laying unit in Example 1.
    [036] [Figure 6] is a front sectional view of a rotating cylinder illustrated in Figure 5.
    [037] [Figure 7] Figure 7 (a) is a development of processor-feeder storage units in Figure 3, Figure7 (b) illustrates enlarged views of the processor-feeder storage units in Figure 7 (a) and a Figure 7 (c) is a side view of one of the processor-feeder storage units in Figure 3.
    [038] [Figure 8] is an enlarged perspective view of the processor-feeder storage unit.
    [039] [Figure 9] is an enlarged perspective view of a cylinder-type receiving part used in Example 2 according to the present invention.
    [040] [Figure 10] is a general illustrative view of an organic fertilizer production system of Example 3 according to the present invention.
    [041] [Figure 11] is a development of processor-feeder storage units of Example 4 according to the present invention.
    [042] [Figure 12] is a general illustrative view of an organic fertilizer production system of Example 5 according to the present invention. MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
    [043] Now, a general concept of an organic fertilizer production system according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 1.
    [044] The organic fertilizer production system in Figure 1 mainly comprises the following steps: 1: [Prey preparation step], 2: [Prey supply step], 3: [Incubation and egg laying step] , 4: [Larva feed stage], 5: [Larvae / fertilizer separation stage], 6: [Organic fertilizer production stage], 7: [Larva sacrifice stage], 8: [Processing stage of animal feed], and 9: [Recycling step]
    [045] The essence of each step will be explained below: 1. [Prey preparation step]
    [046] This prey preparation step is a step to prepare prey or food for Musca domestica (housefly) larvae (worms or worms). The prey is prepared mainly from pig droppings that have a high nutritional value and is added with cereal residues, soy residues, water, rice bran and pork viscera. In practice, 20 to 40 percent of soy and cereal residues (about 9: 1) are added to pig droppings (or with chicken droppings), the water content is adjusted and mixed. Food scraps can also be added to seed droppings, so that food scraps are putrefied in droppings to prepare prey. In fact, food waste is putrefied in excrement for preparation and is transformed into prey, so that the system according to the present invention can dispose of a large volume of human food waste (garbage) together with waste from excrement. 2. [Prey supply step]
    [047] In the prey supply stage, a predetermined amount of prey is fed through funnels that will be explained later in Figures 3, 4 in the second to the final processor-feeder storage units arranged in multiple stages. The respective processor-feeder storage unit is advanced into a larval 2 3 feeding environment. [Incubation and egg laying stage]
    [048] In the incubation and egg laying stage, adult larvae are induced into an incubation and egg laying unit. The housefly can lay eggs 4 days after becoming a larva, but the number of eggs decreases after 14 days. Therefore, the retention medium in the incubation and egg-laying unit is marked with skimmed milk and sake lees that the housefly is attracted to and is irradiated by ultraviolet light to stimulate egg production, so that the larvae lay eggs in a fixed place. The eggs are incubated approximately one day after egg production. The first stage larva falls into the first uppermost processor-feeder storage unit. 4. [Larva feeding stage]
    [049] In the larvae feeding stage, the incubated larvae are fed in the dark 2 larvae feeding environment. The second stage larvae after the first ecdysis are also fed in the dark or dim light. The third stage larvae after the second ecdysis, but before metamorphosis into pupae are fed under light for about 6 days.
    [050] This habit of housefly larvae that advance to prey is used in the present invention. In fact, housefly larvae fall into the next processor-feed storage unit and are fed there. Then, the larvae fall back into the next processor-feeder storage units divided and fed into them.
    [051] In the case of Example 2, the edges of the cylinder inflict an abrasion on the skin of housefly larvae (worms) when they fall into the next processor-feeder storage unit, so that the injured larvae produce many antimicrobial peptides caused for healing power. 5. [Stage of separation of larvae / fertilizer]
    [052] In the larvae / fertilizer separation stage, a habit of vermiculation and dispersion in a pupal metamorphosis stage is used. The larvae fall into a collection container and are discharged as high quality animal feed (E). The excretion that is left after the larvae consume seed droppings in the processor-feeder storage unit is considered an organic fertilizer base material.
    [053] The separation of fertilizer from larvae begins from the 4th day to the 7th day after the laying of eggs. The separation of fertilizer from larvae can be safely performed by feeding the third-stage larvae under light using their phototactic behavior in the metamorphosis stage for pupae. 6. [Production stage of organic fertilizer]
    [054] Organic fertilizer base material is produced during the organic fertilizer production step according to the present invention. In fact, from 65% to 90% of prey are consumed by larvae and the rest of prey of around 10% to 35% is fermented. The base material of organic fertilizer can be mixed with chitosan larvae cadavers rich in chitosan and detached housefly skin. 7. [Larvae sacrifice stage]
    [055] In the larvae sacrifice stage, a group of larvae collected in the collection container and separated from the basic material of organic fertilizer is sacrificed by means of vaporization, boiling, incineration or similar 4 days after laying eggs in the prey. Larvae of different insects that can crawl can be excluded at this stage. 8. [Feed processing step]
    [056] In the prey processing stage, the larvae fall into the collection container 5 days after laying eggs in the prey and are processed into animal feed (E) as “Trops” (trade name). 9. [Recycling step]
    [057] In the recycling stage, a part of the group of larvae is extracted 5 days after the laying of eggs in the prey. Then, the extracted larvae are transformed into larvae. The resulting houseflies are induced by light and smell into the incubation and egg-laying unit in [3: incubation and egg-laying stage] through the duct due to their phototaxis habit. The larvae lay eggs in the prey. Thus, the next generation eggs are obtained or recycled in the system and therefore the supply of additional eggs is not necessary. EXAMPLE 1
    [058] Now, details of the steps above in Example 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 2-12.
    [059] As determined above, in the system according to the present invention, housefly larvae can be fed at a greater sufficient feeding volume (area) and sufficient prey can be provided. Figure 2 reveals that the intake or feeding of housefly larvae increases from 1 kg shortly after egg production to 1600 kg 7 days after egg production if there is sufficient reproductive volume (area) and sufficient prey. That is, the amount of consumption by housefly larvae increased 1600 times after 170 hours. This means that this large amount of excrement like pig droppings can be transformed by zymolysis inside the larvae body into an excellent base material for organic fertilizer.
    [060] This sufficiently larger reproduction volume (area) and sufficient prey for larvae are not available in the case of the conventional method in which the larvae are fed in the same tray from the first to the last.
    [061] In the case of the predefined invention, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 (which is a plan view in section along a zz line in Figure 3) showing Example 1, the processor-feeder storage unit comprises multiple stages (here, 31 levels) and a reproduction volume (area) of a lower stage is increased to twice or more than that of a higher stage. Thus, the reproduction volume (area) of the processor-feeder storage units is successively multiplied so that a sufficiently larger reproduction volume (area) and sufficient prey are guaranteed for larvae. (1) [Egg laying flow]
    [062] An installation to produce the organic fertilizer shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 has a combined processor-feeder section (1A) and (1B). Both sections have almost the same structure comprising mainly multi-stage processor-feeder sections. So, here, one of the towers will be explained with reference to (1A).
    [063] The processor-feeder section (1A) is covered by a larvae feeding environment (2) so that the temperature in the range between 25 ° C and 30 ° C is maintained and the humidity in the range between 50% and 70% is kept in a feeding environment. An incubation and egg-laying unit (3) is positioned at the top of the larvae feeding environment (2).
    [064] An egg incubation and laying unit (3) has four rotating cylinders (31) whose axes are arranged horizontally as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5. Each rotating cylinder (31) is divided into four chambers as shown in a seen in lateral cross-section of Figure 5 and gradually rotates about a rotating axis (32) approximately 180 degrees in one day. The egg and the prey are present in the chambers during an egg-laying period until incubation. In practice, the egg and the prey are fed into a first chamber (311), and then the rotating cylinders (31) are rotated gradually. When the second to fourth chambers (312-314) reach the position that the first chamber (311) occupies, a prey (B) is fed through a suitable means such as a helical conveyor (341) from a prey supply unit ( 34).
    [065] In a position shown in Figure 5, most of the first chamber (311) along the axis (32) is covered by a cover (35) and a narrow opening (33) is left. Prey (B) is fed through the opening (33) inside the first chamber (311). At the same time, the prey (B) is marked by a marking device (not shown) with an attractive substance consisting of sake sludge, skimmed milk or the like to which houseflies are attracted, and ultraviolet rays are irradiated by UV lamps (36) through the opening (33), to attract houseflies using the adult housefly habit.
    [066] In fact, houseflies start egg production 4 days after they become adults, and the egg production rate will be reduced by 14 days. Therefore, a predetermined location or opening (33) is marked during this period to attract houseflies and induce their egg production.
    [067] A net (37) is hung near the ceiling of the incubation and egg-laying unit (3) so that houseflies can rest during the flight time differently from the egg-laying time.
    [068] Eggs are placed in the first chamber (311) as an egg production environment shown in Figure 5. At that time, incubation has already started in the second chamber (312) in which egg production was completed in the previous stage and then it was rotated approximately 90 degrees. And, in the third chamber (313) that has been rotated more than 90 degrees, the opening (33) is turned downwards, so that the incubated larvae (A) and the remaining prey (B) fall into the first processor- feeder (41). The fourth chamber (314) rotated more than 90 degrees is now empty and ready to become the next egg production chamber.
    [069] In short, the egg incubation and deposition unit (3) in the egg deposition and incubation section has a plurality of first to fourth rotating chambers, one prey (B) is fed into a chamber whose opening is facing above, and the prey (B) is irradiated with ultraviolet light to attract the housefly larvae and induce their egg laying. These first to fourth chambers are rotated gradually or gradually, while the eggs are transformed into larvae. The resulting larvae fall through the downward opening in the first processor-feeder storage unit. (2) [Flow of larvae]
    [070] The first processor-feeder storage unit (41) in processor-feeder sections 1A is one of the most superior processor-feeder storage units (4) that are absorbed at multiple levels (31) and arranged in 4 rows.
    [071] Now, the total processor-feeder storage units (4) will be explained with reference to Figure 3 to Figure 8. Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3. Figure 7 is a development of each processor storage unit -feeder (4). Figure 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the third stage (4-1) and the fourth stage (8-1).
    [072] Figure 7 (a) is a development of the processor-feeder storage unit (4) in Figure 3. Figure 7 (b) is an enlarged plan view illustrating the processor-feeder storage unit in Figure 3. A Figure 7 (c) is an illustrative side view of one of the processor-feed storage units in Figure 3.
    [073] More precisely, Figure 7 (a) is a series of flat view developments of all stages of processor-feeder storage units (4) stacked at 31 levels in Figure 3. The numbers as (1) (2 ) (3) - - - denote the numbers of stages from above and, while the signs of 1, 2-1, 4-1 - - - described in each storage unit denote increment in stages. For example: 1: First stage processor-feeder storage unit (41,471). 2-1: First storage unit of the second stage processor-feeder storage unit (42). The total volume of processor-feeder storage units is now doubled. 2-2: Second storage unit of the second stage processor-feeder storage unit (42), 4-1: First storage unit of the third stage processor-feeder storage unit (43). The total volume of processor-feeder storage units is now additionally doubled or quadrupled in total. 8-1: First storage unit of fourth-stage processor-feeder storage unit (44). The total volume of processor-feeder storage units is now additionally doubled or increased to 8 times in total. 16-1: First storage unit of fifth-stage or final processor-feeder storage unit (45). The total volume of processor-feeder storage units is now additionally doubled or increased to 16 times in total.
    [074] In Figure 7 (b), “X” denotes a location or position of a receiving part, “Y” denotes a location or position of a falling part, a hatched area denotes a side wall, and an arrow shows a direction along which the larvae crawl.
    [075] Now, the processor-feeder storage unit will be described in detail with reference to Figure 8 which is an enlarged perspective view of an Example of the processor-feeder storage unit.
    [076] Figure 8 shows the third processor-feeder storage unit (43) (4-1) of the third stage and another processor-feeder storage unit (44) (8-1) positioned below shown in Figure 3.
    [077] The third stage processor-feeder storage unit (43) (4-1) has a bottom (4a) and opposite side walls (4b) (4c) and has a substantially U-shaped cross-section. processor-feeder storage unit (4) is attached to a frame of the larvae feeding room (2), however, it can certainly be supported in a mobile manner on wheels if necessary.
    [078] A notched part (4d) is formed on one (4b) of the side walls (a wall on an anterior side in Figure 8). In a position of the notched part (4d), the lower part (4a) projects outwards to form a flat extension part (index type) that functions as a receiving part (4e). A width (4dl) of the notched part (4d) is about 1/4 of the total length of the side wall. The larvae (A) of houseflies that fall from above are received by the receiving part (4e) and are induced until the prey (B) that is spread throughout the entire flat body 5 (53) disposed in the lower part (4a).
    [079] The flat body 5 (53) disposed at the bottom (4a) in Figure 8 is a stainless steel belt and is guided reciprocally along the side walls (4b) (4c). In practice, the flat body 5 (53) slides on the lower part (4a) and is covered with the prey (B) which is evenly spread over an upper surface of the flat body (5) (53).
    [080] Another notched part (4f) is formed on another (4c) of the side walls (a wall at a rear part in Figure 8), so that the larvae are allowed to fall. A width of the notched part (4f) is about 1/2 of the total length of the side wall (4c). The larva (A) that crawls and looks for prey (B) on the flat body (5) (53) falls on the respective receiving parts of two lower processor-feeder storage units (8-1, 8-2) arranged in the fourth level and seventh level respectively. Each of these receiving parts is about 1/4 of the total length of the side walls (4b) (4c).
    [081] The other processor-feeder storage units (4) also have the same structure as that explained for the third stage processor-feeder storage unit (43). In fact, as seen from the evolving view of Figure 7, the larvae that fall from the first processor-feeder storage unit (41) fall on the two lower processor-feeder storage units (42) in two separate groups , one group falls on the second stage processor-feeder storage unit arranged on the second level (2-2) and another group falls on the second stage processor-feeder storage unit arranged on the seventeenth level (2-2).
    [082] The respective groups then fall onto two additional lower processor-feeder storage units (43) again in two separate groups. Now, numerous processor-feeder storage units increase to 4, that is, the third-stage processor-feeder storage unit arranged at the third level (4-1), tenth level (4-2), eighteenth (4-3) ) and twenty-fifth levels (44).
    [083] Then, the respective groups fall onto two additional lower processor-feeder storage units (44) again in two separate groups. Now, countless processor-feeder storage units increase to 8, that is, the fourth-stage processor-feeder storage unit arranged at the fourth level (8-1), seventh level (8-2), eleventh level (8- 3), fourteenth level (8-4), nineteenth level (8-5), twenty-second level (8-6), twenty-sixth level (8-7) and twenty-ninth level (8-8).
    [084] Then, finally, the respective groups fall onto two additional lower processor-feeder storage units (45) again in two separate groups. Numerous processor-feeder storage units now increase to 16, that is, the fifth-stage processor-feeder storage unit arranged at the fifth level (16-1), sixth level (16-2), eighth level (16-3 ), ninth level (16-4), twentieth level (16-5), thirteenth level (16-6), fifteenth level (16-7), sixteenth level (16-8), twentieth level (16- 9), twenty-first level (16-10), twenty-third level (16-11), twenty-fourth level (16-12), twenty-seventh level (16-13), twenty-eighth level (16-14), thirty-third level (16-15) and thirty-first level (16-16).
    [085] That is, starting from the first processor-feeder storage unit (41, 471), numerous processor-feeder storage units are multiplied by two ("2") and finally increased to seventeen units in the processor storage units -final feeders (45).
    [086] In this case, as shown in Figure 8, housefly larvae (A) pass through the processor-feeder storage unit (4) transversely at each stage and then change their direction of travel in the following storage unit processor-feeder (4). In other words, they move transversely a plurality of processor-feeder storage units (4) along the successively opposite direction.
    [087] This structure of the present invention is advantageous to save space, although the stacked processor-feeder storage units (4) become a high tower. Alternatively, a lower stage, for example, the second stage can be constructed by two parallel lines of the processor-feeder storage units. In this case, the freedom in drawing the width of the drop part increases and a height of the tower can be reduced by half, however, an area occupied by the processor-feeder storage units (4) becomes doubled.
    [088] In this way, a plurality of receiving parts are formed in a lower processor-feeder storage unit (4) to receive the descending larvae from an upper processor-feeder storage unit (4), with a width of the receiving part is equal to a value which is a corresponding width (4f) of the falling part of the upper processor-feeder storage unit (4) divided by numerous lower processor-feeder storage units (4). Enough feeding volume for the larvae is ensured by increasing the processor-feeder storage units (4) by a predetermined number and, therefore, the processor-feeder storage unit can be provided with sufficient prey so that larvae eating habits can be promoted.
    [089] In this example, the system, according to the present invention, is designed, so that a period from the production of eggs until a time when the larvae fall from the final processor-feeder storage unit (45 ) is about 6 to 7 days. Generally, the system, according to the present invention, can be realized by projecting a volume of each processor-feeder storage unit (4) through which the larvae move and / or by adjusting the number of the storage unit processor-feeder (4) and the number of its stages.
    [090] Here, the movement of larvae in the processor-feeder storage unit (4), as well as their flow is explained in more detail. When the four rotating cylinders (31) in the egg-laying deposition unit (3) rotate, the hatched housefly larvae (A) fall from each chamber (311-314) of the rotating cylinder (31) onto the first processor-feed storage unit (41). In the case of the first processor-feeder storage unit (41, 471), an upper surface of its lower part (a) forms the flat body (51) and functions as a receiving part. In other words, unlike the receiving part of other processor-feeder storage units, this flat body (51) itself forms the receiving part (4e), but not the flat extension part. The larvae eat prey (B) spread along the flat body (51) and advance towards the fall part (4f). The larvae arrive at the drop part (4f) fall on the receiving part (4e) of the second lower processor-feeder storage unit (42, 472) in such a way that the larvae are divided into two groups, each one falls on each receiving part (4e) of the second processor-feed storage unit (2-1, 2-2).
    [091] Larvae continue to grow similarly in the third processor-feeder storage unit (43, 473) and in the processor-feeder storage unit (44) whose number is increased by a multiple of 2. After setting in the unit end of processor-feeder storage (45) being exhausted by the larvae, the larvae pile up in the fall part (4f) and fall onto a larvae collection section (6A, 6B) which is a collection container that has a larger area than the final processor-feed storage unit (45).
    [092] Larvae collected in a collection container disposed in the larvae collection section (6A) remain in this section for more than 5 days. Then, the collection container containing the larvae is removed from the larva feeding room (2) under dry condition.
    [093] A part of the larval group is extracted and grown in adults. The resulting adult houseflies are guided or induced to the egg laying-hatching unit (3) through a duct (not shown) using their habit of phototaxis and operability for light and smell. In this way, houseflies are recycled.
    [094] The remaining group of larvae (A) that is not extracted in the larval collection part (6A) is sacrificed by steam, boiling, incineration, or similar. The resulting product can be a good quality animal food (E) rich in chitosan and is transported after predetermined processing. (3) Flow of semovent droppings
    [095] Now, a stream of droppings from semoventes be explained. In this example, prey or food for housefly larvae is prepared in a prey preparation unit (7). In this unit (7), soy residues and cereal residues (about 9: 1) are added to pig droppings (chicken droppings) in a ratio of 20 to 40%, the water content is adjusted and mixed together . Food scraps can also be added to the seed droppings, so that the food waste is rotted in the droppings to prepare the prey. In fact, once the food waste is rotted in the excrement for preparation and is changed to prey, the system, according to the present invention, can dispose of a large volume of human food waste (garbage) along with semen waste .
    [096] The resulting prey is fed into a prey supply section from which a predetermined amount of prey (B) is conducted to the prey supply funnels (71A) (72B) of Figures 3-4. The prey (B) is evenly spread on an upper surface of the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) through a setting control port (72) for the setting supply funnels (71A) (72B). The flat body (5, 51, 52-531) of the processor-feeder section (1A) is moved to the right in Figure 3 by a setting cylinder (55) driven by a motor (not shown). The flat body (5, 51, 52-531) can be a conveyor belt. The advance speed of the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) and the opening and closing of the door (72) are controlled in such a way that the setting (B) is present on a surface of the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) located in the processor-feed storage unit (4).
    [097] The interior of the larva feeding room (2) is maintained at a temperature of 25 to 30 ° C and a humidity of 50% to 70%.
    [098] After or during the prey is uniformly supplied on the flat body (5, 51, 52-531), the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) is advanced into the larvae feeding room (2) and stops anyway. Hatched larvae are fed in the dark larvae feeding room (2). The second-stage larvae after the first ecdysis are also fed in the dark or dim light. The third stage larvae after the second ecdysis, however, before pupal metamorphosis are fed under light for about 6 days. During feeding and reproduction, the larvae eat the prey in the processor-feeder storage unit (4) and the prey is enzymatically decomposed within the larvae and excreted to produce the base material for organic fertilizer
    [099] Almost all prey (B) made up of semen evils etc. in the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) in the processor-feeder storage unit (4) it is treated by enzymatic decomposition within the larvae body (A) and is excreted as the base material of organic fertilizer (D).
    [0100] Generally, from 65% to 90% the prey is eaten by larvae and the remaining prey from 10% to 35% is fermented, so that the resulting products provide the base material of objective organic fertilizer (D). In practice, the above products are mixed with the corpse of chitosan-rich housefly larvae and the housefly's detached skin to produce the final organic fertilizer base material (D).
    [0101] The flat body (5, 51, 52-531) in which an organic fertilizer base material product (D) is stored, then it is moved again (to the right in Figure 4), so that the organic fertilizer base material (D) is pushed out of the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) by means of a scraper (56) attached to the larva feeding room (2), so that the organic fertilizer base (D) is rotated 90 degrees and is dropped into a collection container in a collection section of organic fertilizer base material (8) located at the base of the larva feeding room (2). During the fall, the organic fertilizer base material (D) is dead. Finally, the collection container containing dry organic fertilizer base material (D) is removed from the larvae feeding room (2) for transportation.
    [0102] As explained above, the organic fertilizer production system shown in Example 1, in accordance with the present invention, repeats a cycle comprising (1) [Egg deposition flow], (2) [Larvae flow] and (3) [Flow of seed excrement] for about a week to produce the base material of organic fertilizer repeatedly and automatically.
    [0103] In the organic fertilizer production system of Example 1, the organic fertilizer base material is produced inside the bodies of enzymatic decomposition larvae from seed flies and excreted outside the larvae. Therefore, there is no fuel consumption that is necessary in the case of incineration and an impact on the environment can be reduced, because there is no carbon dioxide emission. In addition, unlike conventional bacterial detoxification, the emission of long-lasting stench can be reduced or eliminated and there is no spread or creation of pathogens. In the system, according to the present invention, the excreta are disposed and handled in a safe way using a predation habit of housefly larvae.
    [0104] Additionally, in the organic fertilizer production system of Example 1, there are 31 levels of processor-feeder storage units, so that housefly larvae are nourished and fed in an area and sufficient breeding volume with food enough. Therefore, the large amount of seed excrement, such as pig manure, can be changed to a large amount of seed excrement, such as pig manure for organic fertilizer efficiently in a shorter period of time. In particular, the processor-feeder storage section is divided into 31 processor-feeder storage units, so that the prey can be distributed evenly or equally with the progress of larval growth.
    [0105] In addition, the organic fertilizer base material produced by the system, according to the present invention, contains abundant chitosan. Such an organic fertilizer produced by the system, according to the present invention, can be used in the preparation of organic fertilizer that can improve soil and antibacterial activity, promote plant growth, prevent plant disease and improve fruit quality. Finally, manual labor in the processor-feed storage unit can be reduced, so that organic fertilizer can be produced efficiently with less effort.
    [0106] Once a part of the group of larvae or pupae is extracted and transformed into larvae and the resulting larvae lay eggs in the prey, the next generation eggs are obtained or recycled in the system and therefore no additional egg supplies it is necessary.
    [0107] Larvae discharged from the final processor-feeder storage unit can be used as good quality animal food (E) rich in chitosan. EXAMPLE 2
    [0108] Example 2 is explained with reference to Figure 9. A structure of Example 2 is the same as Example 1 except a structure of the receiving part. Therefore, its details are not explained here.
    [0109] In Example 2, all or part of the extension part (4e) projected out of the flat body (index type) is replaced by a cutting edge (46) of a double edged cylinder (461).
    [0110] As shown in Figure 9, a lower processor-feeder storage unit (4) has a edged cylinder (461) that has a edged portion (46) to inflict an abrasion on the skin of housefly larvae. A width of the edged portion (46) is equal to a corresponding width (4f) of the drop portion of an upper processor-feed storage unit (4) divided by a suitable number.
    [0111] Wounded larvae are known to produce many antimicrobial peptides caused by healing power. To use this fact, in this example, the parts (46) of the edged cylinder (461) inflict an abrasion on the skin of housefly larvae when they move and fall onto the next processor-feeder storage unit.
    [0112] The edged cylinder (461) can be positioned in a desired receiving part (4e) where the larvae produce many antimicrobial peptides and can extend all or part of the receiving part.
    [0113] Other functions and advantages of Example 2 are the same as those of Example 1. EXAMPLE 3
    [0114] Example 3 is described with reference to Figure 10. A structure in Example 3 is the same as in Example 1, as shown in Figure 10, however, the alternating flat body (5) made of stainless steel in Example 1 is replaced by a continuous plastic film (57) that extends unidirectionally and wrapped. In addition, a single processor-feeder section (1) is used instead of the pair processor-feeder section (1) in Example 1. Other structures in Example 3 are the same as in Example 1 and therefore their details are not explained here .
    [0115] The structure of Example 3 is simplified compared to Example 1 in which the flat body (5, 51, 52-531) is alternated, however, cleaning of the continuous plastic film (57) is required for its reuse.
    [0116] Example 3 has such merits in comparison to Example 1 in that the plant can be compact due to the use of a single processor-feeder section (1) and a continuous plastic film (57). EXAMPLE 4
    [0117] Example 4 is described with reference to Figure 11.
    [0118] In Example 1, starting with the first processor-feeder storage unit (41), numerous processor-feeder storage units are increased with the multiplier "2" and the final number of processor-feeder storage units (45) becomes 16. Although numerous processor-feeder storage units (4) are increased with a multiplier "3", numerous processor-feeder storage units (4) are increased with the multiplied "3". Example 4 shows this case.
    [0119] As shown in Figure 11, the first processor-feeder storage unit (471) has a drop part (Y) and following the second stage is increased and three processor-feeder storage units (472). Each second stage processor-feeder storage unit (472) has a receiving part (X) whose width is 1/3 the width of the drop part (Y) of the first processor-feeder storage unit (471). Similarly, three processor-feeder storage units (473) are used for each of the second stage processor-feeder storage units (472). Each third-stage processor-feeder storage unit (473) has a receiving portion (X) whose width is 1/3 the width of the drop portion (Y) of the second processor-feeder storage unit (472). This is also repeated in the final fourth-stage processor-feeder storage unit (474). As a result, numerous processor-feeder storage units (4) are increased with the multiplier "3" and the total area of the final stage processor-feeder storage units (45) is increased 27 times (1 x 3 x 3x 3 ).
    [0120] The degree of increase in processor-feeder storage units can be adjusted to the progress of larvae growth by projecting and selecting the appropriate number of divisions at each stage processor-feeder storage unit using the method division method of Example 1 and Example 4 or other similar division method.
    [0121] The width of the receiving portion of Example 4 is narrower than that of Example 1. In this case, an area of the lower processor-feeder storage unit can be increased.
    [0122] In a similar way, numerous processor-feeder storage units can be increased with the "4" multiplier. In this case, four processor-feeder storage units (472) are used in the second stage for a processor-feeder storage unit (471). Each second stage processor-feeder storage unit (472) has a receiving part (X) whose width is 1/4 the width of the drop part (Y) of the first processor-feeder storage unit (471). EXAMPLE 5
    [0123] Example 5 is explained with reference to Figure 12.
    [0124] In Example 1 and Example 5, the drop part and the receiving part of the processor-feeder storage units (4) are fixed, while the flat body is moved on an upper side of the lower part.
    [0125] In Example 5, the processor-feeder storage units (4) used in Example 1 and Example 5 are constructed in the form of a type of movable container (trays), so that a plurality of processor storage units - feeders (4) are moved, as shown in Figure 12. In this way, a plurality of processor-feeder storage units of the movable container type (4) is moved by a loop conveyor (482). The processor-feeder storage unit (4) is shaped like a tray comprising the drop part, the receiving part, the bottom part and partitions (481) that separate a volume from the tray into a plurality of sections along its longitudinal direction.
    [0126] As shown in Figure 12, the trays (48) mounted on the loop conveyor (482) are provided with a predetermined amount of the setting (B), such as semovent droppings from a funnel (71). Then, the trays (48) are advanced to the larva feeding room (2) in which the larvae are supplied from the egg laying-hatching unit (3) (see Figures 5, 6) arranged at the top of the larva feeding room (2) in the same way as in Example 1. Trays are stacked on multiple levels in the same way as in Example 1, the larvae eat their prey, crawl, fall on the bottom tray (48) by themselves and finally they are collected in the larvae collection section (6).
    [0127] The tray (48) loaded with the organic fertilizer base material (D) which is a larvae droppings is advanced from the larva feeding room (2) to the fertilizer base material collection section organic (8). The organic fertilizer base material (D) is discharged from the trays (48) into a container by tilting or turning the trays. Other structures, functions and advantages are basically the same as in Example 1 and are not repeatedly described.
    [0128] Note that the present invention is not limited to the Examples above as an obvious matter, however, it can be freely modified, unless it affects the characteristics of the present invention. REFERENCE SIGNS A larvae, B prey, C egg, D organic fertilizer base material, E animal feed, 1, 1A, 1B processor-feeder sections, 2 larvae feeding room, 3 egg laying-hatching unit , 31 rotating cylinders, 311 first chamber, 312 second chamber, 313 third chamber, 314 fourth chamber, 32 rotating axis 33 opening part, 34 setting supply unit, 341 helical conveyor, 35 cover, 36 UV lamp, 37 network, 4 processor-feed storage unit, 4th bottom, 4b, 4c side wall, 4d notched part, 4e receiving part (X: flat body: index type), 4el width, 4f drop part (Y), 41,471 first processor-feeder storage unit, 42,472 second processor-feeder storage unit, 43,473 third processor-feeder storage unit, 44,474 fourth processor-feeder storage unit, 45 final storage unit pr processor-feeder, 46 receiving part (X: cylinder type), 461 edged cylinder, 462 edged, 48 tray (mobile container-type processor-feeder storage unit), 481 partitions, 482 loop conveyor, 5, 51 , 52-531 flat body, 55 feed cylinder, 56 scraper, 57 flat body (elongated film), 6, 6A, 6B larvae collection section, 7 prey preparation unit, 71.71A, 71B supply funnel set 72 door, 8 section for collecting organic fertilizer base material.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [0001]
    1. SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ORGANIC FERTILIZER from the excrement of domestic animals or livestock using Musca domestica (housefly) larvae, comprising: - a first processor-feeder storage unit (41, 471) to feed or develop larvae that hatched from eggs, - a plurality of second processor-feeder storage units (42, 472) arranged below the first processor-feeder storage unit (41,471), - a plurality of third processor-feeder storage units ( 43, 473) disposed below the plurality of second processor-feeder storage units (42, 472), said seed droppings being decomposed with the enzyme inside said larvae while the larvae are fed into each processor-feeder storage unit, and excrete or produce an organic fertilizer base material, - a collection section to collect said organic fertilizer base material, and - a larvae collection section for collecting larvae from the larvae, which are grown, the larvae collected from the larvae collection section, as well as the organic fertilizer base material, being available for be removed from the system, characterized in that - said first processor-feeder storage unit (41,471) has a drop part (Y) adapted so that the grown larvae fall on said plurality of second processor-feeder storage units (42, 472) , which are covered with seed droppings, - each unit of the second processor-feeder storage units has a drop part (Y) adapted so that the grown larvae fall on the plurality of third processor-feeder storage units (43, 473) covered with semovent excrement, - said first, second (42, 472) and third (43, 473) processor-food storage units doras be adapted to perform the processing several times until the final processor-feeder storage unit (45), in which the larvae collection section collects the grown larvae that crawl out of said final processor-feeder storage unit (45) , wherein the first, second (42, 472) and third (43, 473) processor-feeder storage units and final processor-feeder storage unit (45) are adapted to allow said larvae to crawl out of said end unit processor-feeder storage (45).
    [0002]
    2. SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in that each processor-feeder storage unit comprises a drop part (Y) and a larva receiving part in a fixed frame, and a lower part in which a flat body is placed in a mobile way.
    [0003]
    3. SYSTEM, according to claim 1, characterized in that each processor-feeder storage unit comprises a series of movable trays (48), each having a bottom part, a drop part (Y) and a receiving part for larvae, said trays being circulated by a conveyor.
    [0004]
    A system according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that each processor-feeder storage unit has a receiving part located in a position corresponding to the drop part (Y) of a processor-feeder storage unit upper, said receiving part comprising a flat body in the form of an outwardly projecting projection and having a width equal to a width of the falling part (Y) divided by a predetermined number.
    [0005]
    A system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that each processor-feeder storage unit has a receiving part located in a position corresponding to the drop part (Y) of a processor-feeder storage unit upper, said receiving part comprising a cylinder (461) which has edges (462) on its surface to injure the falling larvae and which has a width equal to the width of the falling part (Y) divided by a predetermined number.
    [0006]
    6. SYSTEM according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the larvae collection section has a larvae extraction part to extract a part of larvae or a part of grown pupae, so that the larvae of fly households are extracted in the extraction part and guided through a duct to an egg deposition-hatching unit (3) located above the first processor-feeder storage unit (41,471).
    [0007]
    7. SYSTEM, according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of rotating chambers are arranged in said egg deposition-hatching unit (3), and a prey is fed into one of the chambers whose opening is turned upwards, while said prey is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, so that housefly larvae lay eggs in the prey, in which the rotating chambers are gradually revolved for a predetermined period of time, during which the eggs grow in the larvae and the resulting larvae fall on the first processor-feed storage unit (41,471) when the opening of the rotating chamber is facing downwards.
    [0008]
    SYSTEM, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said larvae discharged outside the last processor-feeder storage unit are sacrificed and processed in the animal feed.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2604706T3|2017-03-08|
    WO2012147483A1|2012-11-01|
    CN103649018B|2016-08-17|
    JP5579122B2|2014-08-27|
    JP2012232858A|2012-11-29|
    DK2703372T3|2016-12-19|
    CL2013003089A1|2014-07-04|
    RU2556059C2|2015-07-10|
    US20140123902A1|2014-05-08|
    PE20142464A1|2015-01-16|
    KR101503853B1|2015-03-25|
    RU2013152809A|2015-06-10|
    EP2703372A1|2014-03-05|
    MY163883A|2017-11-15|
    MX339799B|2016-06-10|
    CA2834412A1|2012-11-01|
    EP2703372A4|2014-10-29|
    MX2013012496A|2014-06-23|
    UA106713C2|2014-09-25|
    US9353018B2|2016-05-31|
    BR112013027504A2|2017-01-10|
    CN103649018A|2014-03-19|
    EP2703372B1|2016-08-31|
    KR20130141681A|2013-12-26|
    CA2834412C|2015-12-29|
    PL2703372T3|2017-02-28|
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-03| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-05-26| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-27| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-01| B09X| Decision of grant: republication|
    2021-01-05| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 05/04/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP2011100358A|JP5579122B2|2011-04-28|2011-04-28|Organic fertilizer production system|
    JP2011-100358|2011-04-28|
    PCT/JP2012/059312|WO2012147483A1|2011-04-28|2012-04-05|Organic fertilizer production system|
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